Trending Technology Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligent, Block Chain, IoT, DevOps, Data Science

Recent Post

Codecademy Code Foundations

Search This Blog

Acting humanly and Thinking rationally

The Turing Test approach

Turing (1950) "Computing machinery and intelligence"
The Turing Test

What capabilities would a computer need to have to pass the Turing Test?
 - Natural language processing
 - Knowledge representation
 - Automated reasoning
 - Machine learning

Turing predicted that by the year 2000, machines would be able to fool 30% of human judges for five minutes.


The cognitive modeling approach

Goal: Develop precise theories of human thinking
Cognitive Architecture
- Software Architecture for modeling human performance
- Describe task, required knowledge , major sub-goals
- Architecture follows human-like reasoning
- Makes testable predictions: Time delays during problem solving, kinds of mistakes, eye movements, verbal protocols, learning rates, strategy shifts over time, etc.

Problems:
- It may be impossible to identify the detailed structure of human problem solving using only externally-available data.

The laws of thought approach
 - Idealized or "right" way of thinking
- Logic: patterns of argument that always yield correct conclusions when supplied with correct premises
   - "Tom is a man; all men are mortal; therefore Tom is mortal."
 - Beginning with Aristotle, philosophers and mathematicians have attempted to formalize the rules of logical thought
Logicist approach to AI: describe problem in formal logical notation and apply general deduction procedures to solve it


Problems with the logicist approach
  - Computational complexity of finding the solution
  - Describing real-world problems and knowledge in logical notation 
  - Dealing with uncertainty
  - A lot of intelligent or "rational" behavior has nothing to do with logic

Thinking Rationally:
The Logical Approach
  
Ensure that all actions performed by computer are justifiable ("rational")
    Facts and Rules in Formal Logic  →    Theorem Prover
Rational = Conclusions are provable from inputs and prior knowledge
Problems:
 Representation of informal knowledge is difficulty
 Hard to define "provable" reasoning

No comments:

Post a Comment

Popular Posts